Ciclo de Marcha
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The List File
Uno de los aspectos menos obvios de Synfig está encerrado en la capa de importación de imágenes. Además de ser capaz de importar algunos archivos de imagen básicos, también aceptará un archivo "lst". Esta lista de archivos es simplemente un archivo de texto que consiste en una tasa de fotogramas, seguidos por una lista de las imágenes a mostrar. (Si no se suministra la cantidad de imágenes por segundo, se utiliza una tasa predeterminada de 15 fotogramas por segundo (FPS).)
Un ejemplo, suministrado por Voria Studios, toma 4 imágenes fijas de un personaje en distintas etapas de un ciclo de marcha. Estas imágenes se muestran con 4 FPS para dar una secuencia que al repetirse muestra a un hombre caminando.
Aquí están las imágenes
Frame 1
Frame 2
Frame 3
Frame 4
Y aquí está el inicio del archivo 'lst'.
FPS 4
frame_01.jpg
frame_02.jpg
frame_03.jpg
frame_04.jpg
frame_01.jpg
frame_02.jpg
frame_03.jpg
frame_04.jpg
frame_01.jpg
frame_02.jpg
frame_03.jpg
frame_04.jpg
...
Construyendo un ciclo de Marcha
Echemos un vistazo a cómo usar estas imágenes para crear un ciclo completo de marcha para un dibujo en Synfig.
Start with a new canvas and add a timeline of several seconds with the default framerate of 24 FPS. On the canvas, select the Caret > Layer, New layer, Other, Import Image.
This creates a new Import Image layer, but nothing will show up until the filename is selected. Go to the Params dialog and scroll down to Filename. There you can navigate to the '.lst' file and select open. Now you should see the first image in the list. Moving forward along the timeline will show successive images from the list every 6 frames. You can preview or render these as is and get a low frame rate animation.
But the result doesn't look very smooth, and the images are not very flexible. (The images can be translated, rotated and stretched, but no elements within the images can be changed.) To make a fully editable character we need to trace over it with Synfig elements such as Blines or Draw layers.
I work with a drawing tablet, so the easiest solution for me is to use the Draw Tool. Move back to frame 0, select the draw tool and trace over the character. I find it easiest to break the character down into several regions (Head, Left Arm, Right Arm, Torso, Left Leg, Right Leg). As a helpful tip, if the shape didn't come out quite right, go to the layer menu and uncheck the region checkbox - this will allow you to see the image below as you drag the ducks around to correct your line.
Once you've finished Frame 0, move along the timeframe to Frame 6. Instead of tracing, this time we're going to take the existing elements and reposition them to match the image. Again, turning off the region layers will allow you to see the image below as you edit them. Use the rotate and translate tools to reposition the body parts, adjusting the line ducks for fine tuning. [Don't forget to switch to "Animate Editing Mode" as explained in Bases de la Animación.]
Repeat for Frames 12 & 18, then you can turn off the Import Image layer (uncheck the checkbox in the layer menu). Now, even though we've only drawn 4 keyframes, by the power of Synfig, we can render a smooth 24 frames of man walking. Add a 1 second timeloop layer on top, and the man will pace on the spot for the length of your animation.
Adding Translation layer will enable your character to walk from one side of the canvas to the other (or moonwalk backwards if you're so inclined.)
Here is a zipfile with the list file, 4 still images, and the finished Synfig file. Unzip them in the same directory and open the newwalk.sif file with synfig.
