Анимация "Шагающего человечка"
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Файл "Список" (List)
Одна из самых не очевидных возможностей Synfig кроется в использовании слоя "Импорт изображения" (Import Image layer). Помимо того что он позволяет просто импортировать основные графические форматы хранения изображений он также может работать с файлом ".lst". Этот файл "Список" простой текстовый файл хранящий информацию о "Частоте кадров" (framerate) и список файлов с изображениями которые будут использоваться (если частота кадров не будет указана то используется её значение равное 15 FPS (кадров в секунду)).
Вот пример от "Voria Studios", он содержит 4 неподвижных изображения персонажа в разных стадиях цикла ходьбы. Эта последовательность изображений по сути 4 кадра которые повторяясь создадут идущего персонажа.
Вот эти изображения
Frame 1
Frame 2
Frame 3
Frame 4
А вот начало файла "lst".
FPS 4
frame_01.jpg
frame_02.jpg
frame_03.jpg
frame_04.jpg
frame_01.jpg
frame_02.jpg
frame_03.jpg
frame_04.jpg
frame_01.jpg
frame_02.jpg
frame_03.jpg
frame_04.jpg
...
Constructing a Walk cycle
Let's take a look at how we can use these images to create a complete walk cycle for a character in Synfig.
Start with a new canvas and add a timeline of several seconds with the default framerate of 24 FPS. On the canvas, select the Caret > Layer, New layer, Other, Import Image.
This creates a new Import Image layer, but nothing will show up until the filename is selected. Go to the Params dialog and scroll down to Filename. There you can navigate to the '.lst' file and select open. Now you should see the first image in the list. Moving forward along the timeline will show successive images from the list every 6 frames. You can preview or render these as is and get a low frame rate animation.
But the result doesn't look very smooth, and the images are not very flexible. (The images can be translated, rotated and stretched, but no elements within the images can be changed.) To make a fully editable character we need to trace over it with Synfig elements such as Blines or Draw layers.
I work with a drawing tablet, so the easiest solution for me is to use the Векторный карандаш (Draw Tool). Move back to frame 0, select the draw tool and trace over the character. I find it easiest to break the character down into several regions (Head, Left Arm, Right Arm, Torso, Left Leg, Right Leg). As a helpful tip, if the shape didn't come out quite right, go to the layer menu and uncheck the region checkbox - this will allow you to see the image below as you drag the ducks around to correct your line.
Once you've finished Frame 0, move along the timeframe to Frame 6. Instead of tracing, this time we're going to take the existing elements and reposition them to match the image. Again, turning off the region layers will allow you to see the image below as you edit them. Use the rotate and translate tools to reposition the body parts, adjusting the line ducks for fine tuning. [Don't forget to switch to "Animate Editing Mode" as explained in Основы анимации.]
Repeat for Frames 12 & 18, then you can turn off the Import Image layer (uncheck the checkbox in the layer menu). Now, even though we've only drawn 4 keyframes, by the power of Synfig, we can render a smooth 24 frames of man walking. Add a 1 second timeloop layer on top, and the man will pace on the spot for the length of your animation.
Adding Translation layer will enable your character to walk from one side of the canvas to the other (or moonwalk backwards if you're so inclined.)
Here is a zipfile with the list file, 4 still images, and the finished Synfig file. Unzip them in the same directory and open the newwalk.sif file with synfig.
